Which is a potential adverse effect of using hypertonic saline for sputum induction?

Which is a potential adverse effect of using hypertonic saline for sputum induction?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Bronchospasm
• C. Nausea
• D. Dizziness

Answer: (B)

The main idea is that hypertonic saline irritates the airways. When a high-osmolar solution is inhaled to induce sputum, it draws water into the airway surface and stimulates the airway lining, triggering a reflex bronchoconstriction in susceptible people. If the airways constrict suddenly, you get bronchospasm, with wheeze, coughing, and shortness of breath during the test. That’s why bronchospasm is the potential adverse effect to watch for and prevent by screening for airway hyperresponsiveness, possibly pre-treating with a fast-acting bronchodilator, and monitoring lung function during the procedure. Other effects like nausea, dizziness, or blood pressure changes can occur, but the airway-specific risk is bronchospasm.

The main idea is that hypertonic saline irritates the airways. When a high-osmolar solution is inhaled to induce sputum, it draws water into the airway surface and stimulates the airway lining, triggering a reflex bronchoconstriction in susceptible people. If the airways constrict suddenly, you get bronchospasm, with wheeze, coughing, and shortness of breath during the test. That’s why bronchospasm is the potential adverse effect to watch for and prevent by screening for airway hyperresponsiveness, possibly pre-treating with a fast-acting bronchodilator, and monitoring lung function during the procedure. Other effects like nausea, dizziness, or blood pressure changes can occur, but the airway-specific risk is bronchospasm.